What happens during a short circuit?

In a short circuit, electricity flows along an unintended path, which often occurs when two conductors that should not be connected come into contact with one another. This unintended connection drastically reduces the resistance in the circuit, allowing a large current to flow. The result can be significant, including overheating, equipment damage, or even fire hazards, which emphasize the critical need for protective devices like fuses or circuit breakers to interrupt the flow of current in such situations.

This phenomenon is fundamental in electrical systems, as it can lead to catastrophic failures if not properly managed. Understanding how a short circuit occurs and the implications it has on the electrical system is crucial for safe electrical design and troubleshooting.